The Ethics Behind The Medical Setting - 3207 Words

The Ethics Behind the Use of Restraints in the Medical Setting Margaret Correia Simmons College Introduction In today’s health care industry, mechanical restraints are often used to maintain patients’ behavior and ensure their safety when treating the elderly and the severely ill (Gatsmans Milisen, 2006). There are many variations of mechanical restraints, but all are defined as â€Å"any device, material or equipment attached to or near a person s body and which cannot be controlled or easily removed by the person and which deliberately prevents or is deliberately intended to prevent a person s free body movement to a position of choice and/or a person s normal access to their body† (Gatsmans Milisen, 2006, p.†¦show more content†¦The purpose of the current paper is to identify the risks and benefits of performing restraints on individuals in the medical field and to assess the benefits and risks to determine whether or not the use of restraints is ethical. Benefits of Using Mechanical Restraints In the medical setting, mechanical restraints are used for â€Å"therapeutic purposes,† in order to â€Å"protect a patient from harm† (Moss La Puma, 1991, p. 22). Restraints are used in order to allow medical staff to provide continuous medical care, protect patients from accidental injury, and protect staff and other patients from harm ((Mion, Minnick, Leipzig, Catrambone Johnson, 2007; Perkins, Prosser, Riley Whittington, 2012; Barazovski Rosin, 1997; Tromp, Pluijm, Smit, Deeg, Bouter Lips, 2001; Carpenter, Avidan, Wildes, Stark, Fowler Lo, 2014). Providing Continuous Medical Care One of the benefits of using mechanical restraints is that they can effectively prevent patients from interfering with medical care. Restraints are used for this purpose in both nursing homes and in intensive care units, and are effective in eliminating instances of accidental removal of medical devices such as

Management Theorists Summaries Free Essays

Chandler: The Enduring Logic of Industrial Success Main claim: Successful companies exploit economies of scale and scope in capital-intensive industries by investing in: †¢ Production capacity: technology, research development †¢ Strong management hierarchies †¢ National and international marketing and distribution networks Secondary claims: †¢ The ? st companies to make these investments dominate their market and are First Movers; they have the upper hand on the Experience Curve and thus a competitive advantage, and they maintain their position through constant innovation and strategy. †¢ Growth through unrelated diversi? cation is a poor business strategy; the right idea is moving into related product markets or to expand geographically †¢ Companies in an oligopoly become stronger through intense competition. Companies grow horizontally by combining with competitors, and vertically by moving backward to control materials and forward to control outlets . We will write a custom essay sample on Management Theorists Summaries or any similar topic only for you Order Now Greiner: Evolution and Revolution as Organizations Grow Main claim: Organizational growth is characterized by ? ve successive developmental phases, each with a management focus and style, and each followed by a predictable crisis; management practices that work in one phase are unsuitable for the next and precipitate the crisis. Secondary claims: †¢ Organizations should not skip phases; some go quickly through them, some regress †¢ Top managers whose style is no longer appropriate should remove themselves †¢ Growth is avoidable †¢ The future of an organization is determined predominantly by its history (behavior is determined more by past events/experiences than by what lies ahead) Phases of evolution (CDDCC): †¢ Creativity: informal, long hours, market feedback †¢ Direction: hierarchy, specialization, formal communication, managers, supervisors †¢ Delegation: decentralized organizational structure, empowering of lower-level managers †¢ Coordination: formal planning, top executives initiate and administrate new systems †¢ Collaboration: teamwork, problem-solving, open-door matrix structure Phases of revolution (LACRPs): †¢ Leadership: necessary skills to introduce new techniques †¢ Autonomy: ? eld managers’ experience knowledge is restricted by th e hierarchy †¢ Control: top managers seek to regain control of the company †¢ Red tape: excess restrictions and regulations, bureaucracy, ineffectiveness in problem-solving †¢ Psychological saturation Barney Main claim: Internal and External Analysis provides a balanced view of a ? rm’s competitive advantage, which is a moving target. External environment analysis (opportunities and threats) cannot explain a ? rm’s success by itself; strategists must analyze its internal strengths and weaknesses. VRIO Framework: †¢ Value: does a ? m’s resources and capabilities enable it to exploit an opportunity or neutralize threats? (high status and quality, low cost and practical) †¢ Rarity: is a resource or capability controlled by a small number of ? rms? †¢ Imitability: is there dif? culty and cost disadvantage in imitating what a ? rm is doing? (history, numerous small decisions, socially complex resources, embedded cultures) †¢ Organiz ation: are a ? rm’s policies and procedures organized to exploit its valuable, rare and costly-to-imitate resources? (reporting structure, management system, compensation policies) SWOT Framework: Composed by Internal and External Environment analysis; aims to identify the key issues facing a company. Strengths: internal resources and capabilities †¢ Opportunities: external trends, industry conditions and competitive environment †¢ Weaknesses and Threats: issues that must be addressed to improve a company’s situation Tangible Resources: †¢ Financial: cash or cash equivalents, borrowing capacity †¢ Physical: plants, facilities, manufacturing locations, machinery and equipment †¢ Technological: trade secrets, patents, copyrights, trademarks, innovative production processes †¢ Organizational: strategic planning, evaluation and control systems Intangible Resources: †¢ Human: experience, capability, trust, managerial skills, speci? c pract ices and procedures †¢ Innovation/Creativity: technical and scienti? c skills, innovation capacity †¢ Reputation: brand name, quality, reliability, fairness Organizational Capabilities: †¢ Competencies or skills ? ms use to turn inputs into outputs †¢ Capacity to combine tangible and intangible resources to achieve a desired goal Collins Porras Main Claim: Successful companies have a clear vision made up from a core ideology and an envisioned future that motivate employees and guide decision-making. Core Ideology: guides, inspires and makes work meaningful for employees. †¢ Purpose: soul of and reason why an organization exists; idealistic motivations †¢ Values: strong beliefs about what is most important Envisioned Future: †¢ BHAGs: clear, compelling goals to engage and energize; they should contain a measurable objective, be dif? cult but not impossible, and achievable in a long-term period (10-30 years) †¢ Vivid description: paints an exci ting picture of the future (what’s it going to be like? BHAG types: †¢ Qualitative and quantitative for attainable targets †¢ David vs Goliath for a common enemy goal †¢ Emulation of role models for up-and-coming organizations †¢ Internal transformations for large, established organizations Other Stuff Underlying Assumptions: they form the basis of our beliefs and reasoning; they are the link between the claim and the evidence (they explain the relevancy of evidence to the claim). †¢ Reality: beliefs about how things and events work †¢ Value: ideals, standards of right and wrong and how things ought to be PACCEs: always put an article through these ? ve concepts. †¢ Persuasive language †¢ Assumptions and values (beliefs that affect how the author sees the world) †¢ Claim (the broader issue, the thesis the author wants you to accept) †¢ Causal logic (claims regarding cause and effect) †¢ Evidence (SCRAAP: is it suf? cient, clear, authoritative, accurate, precise, representative? ) How to cite Management Theorists Summaries, Essay examples

Application Stuff Essay Example For Students

Application Stuff: Essay Paul Erdos woke up very thirsty one night. He opened the refrigerator and the only drink in it was acarton of tomato juice. He never opened a carton of juice before, his friends always served him food but he didnt want to wake them so he opened the carton the only way he could, stabbing it with a knife. Having satisfied his thirst he went back to bed. The next morning Erdos woke up and immediately set out to solve some more math problems and write some papers with colleagues (but this time it had to wait until the tomato juice was cleaned from the refrigerator). After a few more days and a few more papers published he left his friends house, bought a plane ticket and went to another mathematicians house. Another roof, another proof as he would say. He passed away doing mathematics in a conference writing a total of 1, 521 papers. More than anyone in history. He is now remembered andhonored in the scientific community by Erdos numbers. A persons Erdosnumber is how many collaborators they are away from Erdos. It isnt important in mathematics but it reflects 2 of Erdos beliefs about mathematics: It should be fun and collaborative. Erdos was an extraordinary individual. He has inspired me to dedicate my life to science as he has. He had no material possessions except 2 suitcases and his mathematics notebooks. Science meant everything to Erdos, he needed nothing else. I think I understand how he felt and now I feel the same way. What property or thing could possibly be more important, more enlightening than truth itself? Erdos has inspired me to sacrifice anything that is needed for a career in mathematics and science, a career in truth and beauty. Secondly, Erdos was friends with many people within the scientific community. Even if he did not know the person, just the fact that they are a mathematician, he would visit them for a few days and usually be allowed to stay. If you were a scientist you were Erdos good friend. As an introvert, and a very shy person in general, I tend to avoid people but Erdos life story has let me know that the scientific community is friendly. Science brings people together; we have something to share. I spoke to more mathematicians and physicists and in return, I know more potential collaborators and have learned more from discussing with them. Finally, Erdos was dedicated and committed. And where did that lead him? He is considered one of the best in the world. He did not need to know things like how to open a carton of juice. He spent that time becoming the best in the world. And while Erdos is an extreme example of devotion to science he is also an extreme example of genius. If I want to be the best at something I must devote my whole life to it. I must be as committed as Erdos if such a thing is possible!We were a team of 4 people up against schools with 20 people on a single team. As I sat down, I shook my opponents hand and he pressed down on the clock 3 hours later he looks up at me with sweat on his face and says: I resign. I won my first match in the chess tournament adding a point to my teams total. The tournament was organized in 3 sections: Champion, Intermediate, and Beginner and the top scorer per team in each section earns points that count toward his/her teams total. Each person played 5 games so a total of 15 points could be scored. I played on my teams intermediate section alone. I played another 2 games and day 1 was over. The next day another 3 games were played. I won 4 of my games and drew another, a total of 4.5 points. This was .5 points above the team in second allowing us to take home the trophy!When we got to school everyone at school was very surprised. No one knew the school even had a chess team, not even the staff in charge of clubs!I spent the last 2 summers in my trailer with my family. We stayed in a campground by lake Huron. I did not do any jobs since it was my vacation after hard work in school. I did, however, have plenty of time to learn about the things that interest me and read some of my favorite books. Over the 2 summers, I read every single work by H. G. Wells (my favorite science fiction author), Jorge Luis Borges and a good number of Asimovs stories. I also realized that I really dont like many of Jean-Paul Satres ideas and views on freedom. Critical Thinking and Perception Paper EssayJust as I was about to give up and call it a night and idea came to mind. I extended the problem to a more general class of numbers, complex numbers and got a function describing theirbehavior. I wrote a program to apply the function to a small section of those numbers and color the resulting image so I could see an additional dimension of color on my 2-D screen. I waited for a few seconds and on my screen appeared the most beautiful image I had ever seen. A fractal similar to the Mandelbrot set. Chaotic yet so simple and regular. I was not proud of myself for making such a beautiful picture because I did not make it. Nature and logic wove it together and I only stumbled upon it trying to make sense of multiplication and addition. In the simplest of things with enough work, I found a rich, complicated but magnificent work of art. After an entire day of work, I did not make any progress on the problem or make any contribution to mathematics by studying the problem but I went to bed happy. I dont have to know the solution to know that it will be breathtaking. In math and other sciences, there are still things we dont understand and we may never understand them but that should not keep us from trying to. Deep down, I knew from the start I wouldnt be able to solve the Collatzconjecture, at least, without a greater knowledge of mathematics (maybe its even unprovable!) but at the end of the day, I think I knew a little bit more about multiplying by 3 and adding 1. I think its much more interesting to live not knowing than to have answers which might be wrong.-Richard FeynmanWhy Waterloo?I was watching a documentary on relativity. I was in amazement that Einstein was able to describe interactions across the universe just through pure thought, a pencil, and some paper. From then I knew I had to pursue a career in mathematics or physics. The more I learned about the subject, the more beauty I saw and the more I was addicted to it. I cannot attempt to express this beauty in any language; it would not do it justice. Rather, I can only hope that you, the reader, has had some experience with the thrill of discovery, the beauty in symmetry, and the urge for more that comes with it. I am applying to University of Waterloo because I believe that after being educated (and obtaining a Ph.D.) from the best University in Canada for mathematics and physics I will be able to create my beauty, building on the work of past greats such as Newton and Euler. Addit ion EC Notes (Waterloo):*Please note that as I have completed high school in only 2 years I am only technically grade 10 so all my extracurriculars were done in my last 2 years of high-school: 9/10. *Emory Univ. Spirit of Ramanujan was an online math competition and talent search done in collaboration with Expii. I was among the top competitors and featured with an article on the site. * Univ. Spirit of Ramanujan was an online math competition and talent search done in collaboration with Expii. I was among the top competitors and featured with an article on the site. *